Currency notes and coins during Baba's time

Baba would seek dakshina from select devotees — those whom He deemed deserving — and often returned a portion of it. Devotees considered this returned amount sacred and preserved it reverentially in their pooja. From the dakshina thus received, Baba extended regular financial support to certain devotees, such as Sri Bade Baba, Sri Tatya, and others who visited Him. A part of the dakshina was used to procure fuel for the dhuni and oil for lamps, and Baba generously gave money to artists and those in need. By the end of each day, He would distribute all the dakshina He had received. At the time of His mahasamadhi, Baba bestowed nine sacred rupees to Smt. Lakshmibai Shinde. 

Thus, in various chapters of the Sai Satcharitra, we find references to money.

A curious reader of the Sai Satcharitra may wonder: What was the currency system during Baba’s time? Were currency notes in use, or was it primarily coins? More importantly, have any of the sacred coins given by Baba been preserved?

This article seeks to explore and answer these questions.

This article offers a glimpse into the currency — both notes and coins — that were in use during Baba’s sacred sojourn in Shirdi.(approximately 1838 to 1918, reference Wikipedia).

As shown in the maps below, Shirdi was under the “East India Company” from 1838 to 1858, and later became part of the “Bombay Presidency” of British India until Baba’s mahasamadhi in 1918.

East India Company maps of 1837 and 1857 (Image courtesy: Wikipedia)
British Indian Empire 1909 Imperial Gazetteer of India (Photo courtesy: Wikipedia)
                                                                      British India Kings/Queens between 1838 to 1918:
Currencies and coinages are closely associated with the ruling kings/queens. Let us look at the Kings/Queens who ruled British India in the time period of 1838 to 1918.

1. Queen Victoria: Ruled British India between 1837 to 1901 (East India Company until 1858).
Queen Victoria (Photo courtesy: Wikipedia)
2. King Edward VII: Ruled British India between 1901 to 1910.
King Edward VII (Photo courtesy: Wikipedia)
3. King George V:  Ruled British India between 1910 to 1936.
King George V (Photo courtesy: Wikipedia)
British India currency system: 
1 Rupee = 16 Annas
1 Anna = 4 Pice
1 Pice = 3 Pies

Reference: https://www.rbi.org.in/scripts/restrospectcoins.aspx

Currency Notes

The issuance of British Indian currency began with the Paper Currency Act of 1861, which granted the Government exclusive rights to issue banknotes in India.

Victoria Portrait Series: The first set of British India notes were the ‘Victoria Portrait’ series issued in denominations of 10, 20, 50, 100, 1000.
Underprint Series: The ‘Victoria Portrait’ series was withdrawn and replaced by the uni-faced ‘Underprint Series’ which were introduced in 1867.

Between 1903 an 1911, notes of denomination 5, 10, 50 and 100 were released.
Ten rupee (Image courtesy: Wikipedia)
Small Denomination Notes: Compulsions of the ‘first world war’ led to the introduction of paper currency of small denominations. ‘Rupee one’ currency note was introduced on 30th November, 1917.
One rupee (Image courtesy: Wikipedia)
References: Refer to “https://rbi.org.in/Scripts/pm_britishindia.aspx” under “Currency Museum->Paper Money->British India” for more details and images of the currency notes.

Coins

Queen Victoria coins: India was ruled by ‘East India Company’ until 1858, coins issued until this time had ‘East India Company’ on them.
Young queen Victoria series (1837 to 1861):
One rupee silver coin (Image courtesy: Coinbazzar.com)
One rupee silver coin (Image courtesy: Coinbazzar.com)
Mature queen Victoria series (1862 to 1901):
Golden coin - one mohar (Image courtesy: Wikipedia)
Silver and copper coins (Image courtesy: Wikipedia)
King Edward VII coins:

One rupee silver coin (Image courtesy: Wikipedia)
King George V coins:

One rupee silver coin (Image courtesy: Wikipedia)
References: Refer to https://rbi.org.in/Scripts/pm_britishindia.aspx” under the “Currency Museum->Coinage->British India” for more details and images of coins.

Coins given by Baba to Devotees

Presented below are a few images of coins given by Baba to His devotees:
Sri Damu Anna (Photo courtesy: sai amritadhara web site)
Coins given by Baba to Damu Anna - worshiped by his descendants (Image courtesy: saiamritadhara web site)
Smt and Sri. Tarkad (Photo courtesy: Saikaeshr prakashana, Pune)
Coins given by Baba to Sri Tarkhad family (Image courtesy: saiamritadhara web site)
Coins given by Baba to Smt. Lakshmibai Shindhe (Image courtesy: saiamritadhara website)
Coins given to Smt. Lakshmibai Shindhe
As we are on the topic of coins, a unique incident with dakshina needs to be mentioned here. This incident is mentioned in the Sai Sacharitra.

Sri Waman Narvekar brought a coin and wanted to have it consecrated by Baba. On one side of it were engraved the figures of Rama, Laxman and Sita and on the other side the figure of Maruti with folded hands. He offered it to Baba with the hope that He would consecrate it with His touch and return it with Udi.
Baba took the coin and then gave it to Sri Shama and asked him to keep it in his pooja.

Following is the picture of this coin. Possibly, this coin was not a currency but a holy artifact.
Coin with Sri Rama engraved on it (photo courtesy: Sai amritadhara web site)

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